The applications of antimicrobial plastics span multiple sectors, including healthcare, food packaging, textiles, and consumer products. In healthcare, for example, products such as medical devices, surgical instruments, and hospital furnishings benefit from enhanced antimicrobial properties, thereby minimizing the risk of hospital-acquired infections. In the food industry, antimicrobial additives help extend the shelf life of perishable goods by preventing the growth of spoilage bacteria.
antimicrobial additives for plastics
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a fascinating small molecule that has garnered increasing attention in the fields of biochemistry and nutrition. It is a redox cofactor that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Initially discovered as a cofactor in the enzymes of bacteria, PQQ has since been identified to have significant implications for human health, particularly in cellular energy metabolism, neuroprotection, and anti-aging effects.
Alkaline chemicals, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), are frequently used to adjust the pH levels of wastewater. Many biological processes in STP require a specific pH range for optimal activity. For example, certain bacteria used in activated sludge processes thrive at a pH of around 6.5 to 8.5. By adding alkaline substances, the pH can be increased, creating a favorable environment for microbial action that breaks down organic matter.
One of the primary chemicals used in water treatment is chlorine. Chlorine is widely utilized for its disinfection properties, effectively eliminating bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. When chlorine is added to water, it forms several byproducts, including chloramines, which also contribute to disinfection. However, the use of chlorine must be carefully managed, as excessive amounts can lead to harmful byproducts such as trihalomethanes (THMs), which are associated with health risks.